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Arverne is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Queens, on the Rockaway Peninsula. It was initially developed by Remington Vernam, whose signature "R. Vernam" inspired the name of the neighborhood. Arverne extends from Beach 56th Street to Beach 79th Street, along its main thoroughfare Beach Channel Drive, alternatively known as Rev. Joseph H. May Drive. The neighborhood is part of Queens Community Board 14.〔(Queens Community Boards ), New York City. Accessed September 3, 2007.〕 ==History== Vernam's original plan was to name the neighborhood Arverne-by-the-Sea, and one grandiose plan, influenced by his wife, Florence, included a canal running through the neighborhood, reminiscent of the Amstel canal in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. When this plan fell through, the canal right-of-way was converted into a thoroughfare, Amstel Boulevard, which, except for a stub west of Beach 71st Street, was later incorporated into Beach Channel Drive. While Arverne became well known as a beachfront community with inexpensive summer bungalows, and hotels of varying levels of expense and luxury as well as amusements and boardwalk concessions, it also attracted a year-round residential community. On January 3, 1914, a violent storm devastated the neighborhood as well as other neighborhoods on the peninsula, and completely swept the Arverne Pier Theater, which was capable of seating 1,200 people, away to sea.〔''The Wave of Long Island'', January 10, 1914, p. 1〕 On June 15, 1922, a large part of Arverne was leveled by a disastrous fire which left about 10,000 people homeless, although the neighborhood was quick to rebuild. During the 1950s and 1960s, the advent of commercial jet air travel encouraged people to travel to distant destinations during the summer, rather than to utilize local beaches and resorts. As a result, many of Arverne's summer bungalows became vacant. New York City's urban renewal projects of the 1960s leveled to the ground most of the summer resorts and some of the residences, many of which had been abandoned. The process eventually transformed most of Arverne, from Rockaway Beach Boulevard southward to the beachfront, into vacant land used as a dumping ground.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Nathan Kensinger Photography )〕 This area was slated for a large redevelopment that never came; the area's redevelopment was cancelled after economic downturn in the 1990s. The proposed area of redevelopment was the former site of Rockaways' Playland. According to a 2003 ''New York Times'' article: In the early 2000s, Mayor Michael Bloomberg started to revitalize Arverne with new housing and parks. This built upon a movement started in 1999, when forty houses were built in the portion of the "Arverne Urban Renewal Area" between Beach 59th and 61st Streets.〔 Arverne and other parts of the Rockaways increasingly got attention and press as the redevelopment of the beachfront continued. By 2012, Arverne by the Sea, a new housing development, was largely developed with some parts under new construction. The area now has new retail establishments, such as Stop and Shop Grocery Store, Chase bank branch, restaurants, and Subway sandwiches. Phase I was completed in 2011; Phase II was begun in 2006.〔 In 2012, Arverne suffered substantial damage as a result of Hurricane Sandy. The piece of the Arverne-by-the-Sea development in Arverne is mostly complete. However, the section of the development west of Beach 59th Street, in nearby Edgemere, named "Arverne East", is still under construction. , this "Edgemere Urban Renewal Area" will have 400 houses built within it.〔 Of these, are houses, is a nature preserve, and is a segment of preserved dunes on the beach.〔(Large-Scale Development: Arverne ), nyc.gov〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Arverne, Queens」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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